第2回　物理工学科教室談話会（講師：Prof. Dr. Andriy Nevidomskyy）

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要旨：
The concept of topological states of matter has captured the imagination of physicists in the last decade, with possible applications for quantum computing. Traditionally, such topological phases are predicted to occur in fully gapped insulating or superconducting materials and are characterized by topologically protected gapless excitations on the surface. Here, I will demonstrate a generalization of this concept to metallic materials with gapless bulk excitations, focusing in particular on the B-phase of the heavy fermion superconductor UPt3. Recent phase sensitive measurements provide strong evidence for the triplet, chiral pairing symmetry, which endow the Cooper pairs with orbital angular momentum Lz = ± 2 along the c-axis. Such pairing supports both line and point nodes of the superconducting gap, and both types of nodal quasiparticles possess nontrivial topology in the momentum space. In particular, the point nodes located at the intersections of the closed Fermi surfaces with the c-axis act as the double monopoles and the anti-monopoles of the Berry curvature. Consequently, we predict that the B phase should support an anomalous thermal Hall effect, various magneto-electric effects such as the polar Kerr effect, in addition to the topologically protected Fermi arcs on the (1,0,0) and (0,1,0) surfaces. The line node at the Fermi surface equator acts as a vortex loop in the momentum space and gives rise to the zero energy, dispersionless Andreev bound states on the (0,0,1) surface. At the transition from the B-phase to the A-phase, the time reversal symmetry is restored, and only the nodal ring survives inside the A-phase.
I will also discuss implications of topological arguments for the heavy fermion material β-YbAlB4, which exhibits quantum critical behaviour and (T/B) scaling with unusual exponents. I will show how these properties can be explained by the topologically non-trivial nodal hybridization between Yb f-electrons and B conduction electrons. The possibility of topologically protected surface states in this material will be further discussed.
紹介教員：今田正俊教授、 求幸年准教授